Introduction

Achieving the ambitious targets of the 2030 Agenda requires a revitalized and enhanced global partnership that brings together governments, civil society, the private sector, the United Nations system and other actors, mobilizing all available resources. Meeting implementation targets, including the raising of necessary funds, is key to realizing the 2030 Agenda, as is the full implementation of the Addis Ababa Action Agenda on Financing for Development. Increasing support to developing countries, in particular the least developed countries, landlocked developing countries and small island developing states, is fundamental to equitable progress for all.

“To do this, it is essential to advance the development of needed regulatory frameworks to ensure business operations are fully consistent with human rights, including workers’ rights, incorporate externalities, ensure appropriate taxation of natural resources, re-establish proper relations between the real and financial economies, and promote responsible advertising and marketing, among others. Here significant tension remains between binding regulatory frameworks and voluntary guidelines, with the continued double standard of legally framing investors and other commercially framed rights without equally binding frameworks related to business conduct and responsibilities” (Prato, 2016).

The achievement of the 2030 Agenda will depend on fundamental reflections and transformative action on each and every goal (and also some issues that are unfortunately not mentioned in the SDGs). Goal 17 has a very special importance as it focuses on systemic issues and means of implementation. It is not an understatement to call the means of implementation the “acid test for the 2030 Agenda, as they reveal the true extent of the commitment by all signatories, and particularly the so-called developed countries“ (ibid). The main question is, do the targets and indicators support the necessary transformation or do they amplify the status quo?

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